Qualitative observations describe the qualities of a substance or event. Qualitative observations are made using the senses (except taste – used only when appropriate). Qualitative observations do not involve numbers. Quantitative observations describe the quantities of a substance or event. What is a quantitative observation example? For example, the boiling temperature of water at sea…

The term “molten” denotes the liquid form of a solid EHS at elevated temperature, which is normally in solid form at standard temperature and pressure. Which state is molten state? When an element or compound is melted, to achieve a liquid state, it is called molten. What is the difference between molten and liquid state?…

The human body is a closed system in the sense that all of its constituent systems are closed within the human body, and it is an open system in the sense that the entire system includes both the human body and its interacting environment. How is the human body related to chemistry? Chemical: The body…

Laboratory skills: organic synthesis, solid-state synthesis, titration, crystallization, purification, distillation, separation, column chromatography, thin layer chromatography, extraction, dilutions, milling, coating, casting, etc. How do you write a lab report for organic chemistry? Your lab report should include all of the following sections: Abstract, Introduction, Results and Discussion, Conclusions, Experimental Section, and References. 2. Use formal,…

Tetraethyllead (TEL), tetramethyllead (TML), and, sometimes mixtures of methylated and ethylated organolead species, are added to gasoline to prevent the premature and spontaneous explosion of the air/gasoline mixture in the engine. What is tetraethyl used for? Tetraethyl Lead is a colorless, oily liquid with a sweet, musty odor. It is used as a gasoline additive…

A standard curve, also known as a calibration curve, is a type of graph used as a quantitative research technique. Multiple samples with known properties are measured and graphed, which then allows the same properties to be determined for unknown samples by interpolation on the graph. Why is it called a standard curve? Because there…

Tin is soft, silver-blue metal derived from the mineral cassiterite. It is a base metal that is commonly blended with other metals to create alloys. Common tin alloys include bronze and pewter. What is tin used for and why? Tin has many uses. It takes a high polish and is used to coat other metals…

The molar mass of dry air with oxygen, nitrogen and the other components as indicated below is 28.9647 g/mol. How do you calculate MW? Sample Molecular Weight Calculation Using the periodic table of the elements to find atomic weights, we find that hydrogen has an atomic weight of 1, and oxygen’s is 16. In order…

Penetration describes the ability of an electron in a given subshell to penetrate within other shells and subshells to get close to the nucleus. Penetration is the extent to which an electron can approach the nucleus. Penetration depends on both the shell (n) and subshell (l). Which has the highest penetrating power? Gamma rays have…

They ran a high voltage through the first sample of the gas they had collected and surprisingly found that the tube with the glass glowed a bright crimson, according to Chemicool. Ramsay named the newfound element neon based on the Greek word neos, which means new. What are 2 uses of neon? The reddish-orange coloured…

A centre of symmetry is any point in space such that any group on the molecule can be reflected back through that point an equal distance but opposite direction and an equivalent group are found. What is centre symmetry example? Centre of symmetry is also called centre of inversion, denoted by Ci . For example,…

Physical Chemistry is the hardest branch of chemistry. It involves the study of physical properties and constitution of matter, the laws of chemical combination, and theories governing chemical reactions. Which chemistry is hard organic or inorganic? Organic Chemistry is harder than Inorganic Chemistry and therefore you would need extra efforts and more investment of time…

1. Crucible tongs are widely used in biology and chemistry laboratories to hold and pick up various laboratory equipment including beakers, crucibles, and flasks. 2. Crucible tongs are the safety instruments that are generally used to hold hot objects and containers that contain toxic chemicals. What do you use tongs for in chemistry? What is…

Hydrogen chloride, when mixed with water (H2O), forms hydrochloric acid, a strong and commercially important acid. Other chlorine compounds include: chloroform (CHCl3), carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), potassium chloride (KCl), lithium chloride (LiCl), magnesium chloride (MgCl2) and chlorine dioxide (ClO2). What are the 3 compounds of chlorine? Chlorine – Compounds Of Chlorine – Chloride, Bleaching, Chlorate, and…

Qualitative Analysis is the determination of non-numerical information about a chemical species, a reaction, etc. Examples would be observing that a reaction is creating gas that is bubbling out of solution or observing that a reaction results in a color change. What is quantitative data in chemistry? Quantitative analysis is any method used for determining…

Is luminol a chemical or physical change? Luminol is a chemical that produces a beautiful blue fluorescence when oxidized by hydrogen peroxide. What type of reaction is chemiluminescence? Chemiluminescence is the chemical production of light through exothermic oxidation reactions. Is luminol a hazardous chemical? None of the chemicals in this product are considered highly hazardous…

Chemistry is a subject which brings people together from all around the world. You may have had various life experiences and grown up in different cultures, but the Chemistry you learn about is the same. Creativity is extremely important in Chemistry. Why do some people love chemistry? Chemistry often seems to students an impenetrable world…

Knowing the amount of total dissolved solids (TDS) in water is one of the important requirements that helps determine the efficiency of a particular water treatment device in removing bacteria or unwanted elements in the water. What is meant by TDS in water? TDS stands for Total Dissolved Solids and refers to the total concentration…

The process of dispersing, disrupting, or inactivating biological materials, such as viruses, by use of sound-wave energy. What is sonication in lab? In particular, our lab studies sonification, the use of sound to display and analyze scientific data. Our findings about how listeners interpret these auditory graphs is leading to more effective data exploration tools,…

We define a stock solution as a concentrate, that is, a solution to be diluted to some lower concentration for actual use. We may use just the stock solution or use it as a component in a more complex solution. We refer to the solution that we end up using as a working solution. What…