How do you combine data from repeated experiments?


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If you repeat the experiments on the same sample unit, you can combine the experiments as technical replication. If, on the other hand, each experiment repetition is performed on different sample units, then you can combine all experiments as one bigger experiment.

What is the difference between a technical replicate and a biological replicate?

Generally, biological replicates are defined as measurements of biologically distinct samples that show biological variation (21). In contrast, technical replicates are repeated measurements of the same sample that show independent measures of the noise associated with the equipment and the protocols.

How many biological and technical replicates are there?

(a) Three levels of replication (two biological, one technical) with animal, cell and measurement replicates normally distributed with a mean across animals of 10 and ratio of variances 1:2:0.5.

Why are biological and technical replicates important?

Both biological and technical replicates are key to generating accurate, reliable results and help address different questions about data reproducibility.

Why do you repeat experiments 3 times?

Repeating an experiment more than once helps determine if the data was a fluke, or represents the normal case. It helps guard against jumping to conclusions without enough evidence. The number of repeats depends on many factors, including the spread of the data and the availability of resources.

How many technical replicates should I have?

As for technical replicates, usually you will need 3 for each biological sample (also for positive and negative controls), and in a pinch it may be reduced to 2. You basically only need them to make sure that your reaction is reproducible.

How many biological replicates are needed?

Biological replicates are required if inference on the population is to be made, with three biological replicates being the minimum for any inferential analysis.

Should I average technical replicates?

Averaging technical replicates (as in the left panel) and running statistical analyses on average values means losing potentially important information. No facet should be dropped from analysis unless one is confident that it can have absolutely no effect on analyses.

How many replications are needed in an experiment?

Normally we design experiment with 3 replicates, each replicate has like 10 samples/treatment (so total number of samples n = 30/treatment). Then we average the results of these 10 samples to get 1 number/replicate and use these 3 numbers/treatment to performing statistical analysis.

What type of conclusions can you draw from biological replicates?

Biological replicates are used in gene expression studies, so conclusions can be generalised to groups represented by the various individuals/sources that the samples were taken from.

How do you determine the number of replications in an experiment?

You can determine the number of experiments you would do by multiplying 3X4X n, where n is the number of replications. Please note that replications should be at least 2. The more you do replications, the more precise results you get. Best of luck!

What does 3 replicates mean?

Replicates involves running the same study on different subjects but identical conditions. For example, if a I wanna know the effect of three differente temperatures on seaweed growth and I repeat ALL the experiment two more times, i have 3 replicates)

What are different types of replicates?

There are two primary types of replicates: technical and biological.

Are biological replicates independent experiments?

As biological experiments can be complicated, replicate measurements are often taken to monitor the performance of the experiment, but such replicates are not independent tests of the hypothesis, and so they cannot provide evidence of the reproducibility of the main results.

Does increasing the number of trials improve accuracy?

Repeated trials are where you measure the same thing multiple times to make your data more reliable. This is necessary because in the real world, data tends to vary and nothing is perfect. The more trials you take, the closer your average will get to the true value.

Do repeats increase accuracy?

The accuracy of a measurement is dependent on the quality of the measuring apparatus and the skill of the scientist involved. For data to be considered reliable, any variation in values must be small. Repeating a scientific investigation makes it more reliable.

How many times should you repeat an experiment to make it more reliable?

Most teachers want you to repeat your experiment a minimum of three times. Repeating your experiment more than three times is even better, and doing so may even be required to measure very small changes in some experiments. In some experiments, you can run the trials all at once.

What counts as a biological replicate?

Biological replicates are parallel measurements of biologically distinct samples that capture random biological variation, which may itself be a subject of study or a source of noise.

How many replicates are in a single cell RNA-seq?

Hey, usually you should use more than 1000 cells per replicate, the more the better. I would recommend to use 3000-5000 cells to be sure.

Do you need replicates for DESeq2?

Any framework, be it edgeR or DESeq2 that relies on dispersion estimation between replicates does not give reasonable results in the absence of replication. It is very simple: If you want reliable statistics, do replicates.

Why is it important to have biological replicates in an RNA-seq experiment?

Biological variability is usually the largest effect limiting the power of RNA-seq analysis. The most improvement in an experiment will usually be achieved by increasing the biological replication to improve estimation of the biological variation.

How many reads for differential gene expression?

In general 5 M mapped reads is a good bare minimum for a differential gene expression (DGE) analysis in human. In many cases 5 M โ€“ 15 M mapped reads are sufficient. You will be able to get a good snapshot of highly expressed genes.

How many replicates are needed for Anova?

Generally, in biology, experiment with 3 replications for each treatment is accepted.

What is the difference between replication and repetition?

1. What is the difference between replication and repetition? Both are repeated runs of your combination of factors and levels. Repetition does the duplicate runs consecutively while replication does multiple runs but during identical but different experimental runs.

What factors are responsible for determining the number of replications?

Calculation of the number of replicates depends on: 1. An estimate of ฯƒ2 obtained from previous experiments. 2. The size of the difference (ฮด) to be detected.

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