What are complex substances in biology?

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Answer: a chemical substance formed by the combination of several simple substances is called complex substance.

What is a complex in chemistry?

complex, in chemistry, a substance, either an ion or an electrically neutral molecule, formed by the union of simpler substances (as compounds or ions) and held together by forces that are chemical (i.e., dependent on specific properties of particular atomic structures) rather than physical.

How is a complex formed in chemistry?

A complex is made up of a central metal atom/ion surrounded by negatively charged ions or neutral molecules possessing a lone pair of electrons (ligands). A complex may be charged or uncharged, if it is charged it is called a complex ion, for example [Fe(H2O)6]3+.

How complex compounds are formed?

Complex compounds are formed when the size of the central metal cation is small and the cation has vacant orbitals to accept electrons from the ligands. This conditions are satisfied by the transition elements.

Which of the following is a complex substance?

The correct answer is Cellulose. Cellulose is a fibrous carbohydrate found in all plants. It is the structural component of plant cell walls.

What is complexes in inorganic chemistry?

Complexes or coordination compounds are molecules that posess a metal center that is bound to ligands (atoms, ions, or molecules that donate electrons to the metal). These complexes can be neutral or charged.

What is simple and complex substance?

In chemistry simple substances are called elements and complex substances are called chemical compounds. Some substances occur naturally in non-living organisms. The chemistry of such substances (what means the study of chemical reactions of such substances) is called inorganic chemistry.

What are examples of complex ions?

They are a type of coordination complex. The central ion is the coordination center, while the molecules or ions bound to it are termed complexing agents or ligands. Examples: The copper ammine ion, Cu(NH3)62+ is a complex ion.

What are complexes and how are they formed?

A complex ion is a species formed between a central metal ion and one or more surrounding ligands, molecules or ions that contain at least one lone pair of electrons. Small, highly charged metal ions have the greatest tendency to act as Lewis acids and form complex ions.

What are the characteristics of complex ions?

A complex ion has a metal ion at its centre with a number of other molecules or ions surrounding it. These can be considered to be attached to the central ion by co-ordinate (dative covalent) bonds. (In some cases, the bonding is actually more complicated than that.)

How do you name a complex compound?

  1. Name the ligands first, in alphabetical order, then the metal atom or ion.
  2. The names of some common ligands are listed in Table 1.
  3. Greek prefixes are used to designate the number of each type of ligand in the complex ion, e.g. di-, tri- and tetra-.

What is complex formation method?

Complex-formation and redox reactions have so far been the most frequently used for the determination of both metals and nonmetals (Table 3). A variety of transition metal ions have been thus determined including such common elements as iron, copper, and calcium and rare earths as well as technetium and europium.

What is a complexation reaction?

A complexation reaction can be described as a reaction that forms a “complex”. For instance, in adding a cobalt salt, such as CoCl2 (s), to water, we form [Co(H2O)6]2+ (aq).

What is a complex substance and provides structural strength to plants?

Cellulose is a complex substance and provides structural strength to plants.

Who converts the complex substances into the simple form?

The organisms which utilize complex substances and break them down into simpler forms are called heterotrophs. After taking complex organic materials as food, heterotrophs break them into simpler molecules with the help of biological catalysts, or enzymes, and utilise them for their own metabolism.

What is the meaning of simpler substance?

substance consisting of one chemical element.

Are organic compounds complex?

As we learned, organic compounds are any molecules that are composed of the element carbon. The four main groups of carbon molecules of life are the most complex organic compounds: proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids.

Why are organic molecules complex?

In astronomy, complex organic molecules are molecules with multiple carbon atoms such as benzene and acetic acid. These molecules have been detected in interstellar space with radio telescopes. In chemistry, “complex organic molecules” refer to polymer-like molecules such as proteins.

Which is the simplest substance in chemistry?

An element is the simplest substance and cannot be broken down using chemical methods. It is a substance consisting of atoms which all have the same number of protons (atomic number). For example, oxygen, hydrogen etc. There are 118 elements known till date.

What is mean by complex ions?

A complex ion is an ion that contains one or more ligands that are attached to a central metal cation through a dative covalent bond. A ligand is a species that can form a dative covalent bond with a transition metal using its lone pair of electrons. H2O, NH3, Cl–, OH–, and CN– are examples of ligands.

How do you identify a complex ion?

What are the uses of complex ions?

Applications of Complex Ions Carbon monoxide forms a more stable complex than oxygen. This means oxygen uptake is inhibited and carbon monoxide poisoning can result. A platinum complex ion is used in the anti-cancer drug Cisplatin: it consists of two ammonia and two chloride ligands on a platinum.

Why do complex ions increase solubility?

If a complex ion has a large Kf, the formation of a complex ion can dramatically increase the solubility of sparingly soluble salts. Due to the common ion effect, we might expect a salt such as AgCl to be much less soluble in a concentrated solution of KCl than in water.

What is complex ion in coordination compounds?

A coordinate covalent bond is a covalent bond in which one atom (i.e., the donor atom) supplies both electrons. This type of bonding is different from a normal covalent bond in which each atom supplies one electron. If the coordination complex carries a net charge, the complex is called a complex ion.

Which complex ion is stable?

From ligand strength, we can see that CN− is strongest ligand among all so [Fe(CN)6]3− is most stable complex ion.

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