combustion theory The transition from combustion to explosion is caused by an acceleration of the reaction, induced either by a rise in temperature or by increasing lengths of the reaction chain. The first is called thermal explosion, and the second is called chain explosion.
What is the chemistry of an explosion?
“An explosive is any chemical compound or mechanical mixture that, when subjected to heat, impact, friction, detonation, or other suitable initiation, undergoes rapid chemical change, evolving large volumes of highly heated gases—typically nitrogen or CO2—that exert pressure on the surrounding medium.
Which chemical reaction is the most explosive?
The Chemical Most Chemists Won’t Touch Azidoazide azide is the most explosive chemical compound ever created. It is part of a class of chemicals known as high-nitrogen energetic materials, and it gets its “bang” from the 14 nitrogen atoms that compose it in a loosely bound state.
What molecules make explosions?
Organic azides with either low molecular weight or high nitrogen (N) to carbon (C) atomic ratios can be explosive and there have been several reported incidents of laboratory explosions due to the formation of low molecular-weight azides from reactions between inorganic azides and dichloromethane.
What happens when you mix acetone with bleach?
In this example, mixing acetone with bleach creates toxic chemicals that could further react with any remaining bleach to create a fatal fume cloud. This reaction happens spontaneously and without warning. Mixing these two will form a corrosive, toxic chemical known as peracetic acid.
What happens if you mix acetone and peroxide?
Hydrogen peroxide mixed with organic solvents is known to form dangerous peroxides. Hydrogen peroxide and acetone is an especially hazardous combination that can form various explosive peroxides when mixed at high concentration while using an acid catalyst.
What is used for causing explosions?
Chemical. The most common artificial explosives are chemical explosives, usually involving a rapid and violent oxidation reaction that produces large amounts of hot gas. Gunpowder was the first explosive to be invented and put to use.
What is C4 made of?
C4 was used during the Vietnam War as part of demolition blocks; today, it is commonly used in both military and civilian settings for demolition and flares. C4 is composed of RDX (91%), dioctyl sebacate (5.3%), polyisobutylene (2.1%), and mineral/motor oil (1.6%) [1].
What are the four types of explosives?
There are four general categories of chemical explosives: blasting agents, primary, low, and high explosives. Blasting agents such as dynamite are relatively safe and inexpensive.
What two elements can make an explosion?
For decades, science enthusiasts have delighted at the famously energetic way sodium and potassium explode on contact with water.
How do you make an explosion in a chemistry lab?
What substances are explosive?
- solvents.
- paints and varnishes.
- flammable gases.
- liquid petroleum gas (LPG)
- dusts from machining and sanding operations.
- dusts from food stuffs.
- pressurised gases.
- substances corrosive to metal.
What are the 3 types of explosives?
explosive, any substance or device that can be made to produce a volume of rapidly expanding gas in an extremely brief period. There are three fundamental types: mechanical, nuclear, and chemical. A mechanical explosive is one that depends on a physical reaction, such as overloading a container with compressed air.
Which of the following is explosive compound?
Solution : `XeO_(3)` is an explosive compound and explodes violently when dry.
What are two chemicals that explode when mixed?
Peroxides (inorganic), when mixed with combustible materials, barium, sodium, and potassium, form explosives that ignite easily.
What happens if you mix hydrochloric acid with bleach?
Bleach (sodium hypochlorite) reacts with hydrochloric acid to form salt, water, and chlorine gas. The upward-pointing arrow indicates that a gas has been formed.
What happens when you mix hydrogen peroxide and baking soda?
By reacting together, hydrogen peroxide and baking soda produce carbon dioxide and chemicals which are excellent in removing bleaches. And thus, they make a fantastic couple together!
What happens if you mix bleach and hydrogen peroxide?
Bleach plus hydrogen peroxide creates oxygen gas so violently, it can cause an explosion. “One should not mix household cleaners as a general rule,” Langerman says. “You do not necessarily make a strong cleaner by mixing two cleaners together.”
What is the strongest explosive?
Nitroglycerine, discovered in 1846, still remains the most powerful explosive in practical use. Many useful advances have been and are being made, but new explosives are merely new mixtures of old materials, given fancy names.
What happens when you mix bleach and rubbing alcohol?
Bleach and rubbing alcohol create chloroform. This combination is highly toxic and can cause damage to your eyes, lungs, and liver. Combining these products can create peracetic / peroxyacetic acid, which can be highly corrosive and irritate your eyes, skin, and respiratory tract.
Why are nitrogen compounds so explosive?
The explosiveness of nitrogen-containing compounds is driven by the huge release of energy that occurs when the nitrogen-nitrogen triple bonds form. One triple bond releases much more energy when it forms than is needed to break the three single bonds that bind the nitrogen in the starting compound.
What is TNT chemistry?
❖ TNT is a yellow, odorless solid that does not occur naturally in the environment. It is made by combining toluene with a mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids (ATSDR 1995). ❖ It is a highly explosive, single-ring nitroaromatic compound that is a crystalline solid at room temperature (CRREL 2006).
How powerful is C4 compared to TNT?
C4 explosives have more complete destructive power compared to TNT and the number of effective explosives required to destroy the concrete with the strength of fc = 229.31 kg / cm2 is 122 g.
Can a C4 destroy a tank?
C4 is a great anti-tank weapon if a LAW is not available. If the C4 is attached to the tank when it detonates, it will immediately destroy the tank.
How powerful is a brick of C4?
C4 has a detonation velocity of 8,092 m/s (26,550 ft/s). A detonation within a blast resistant trash receptacle using a large C4 explosive charge.