What does poison mean in chemistry?

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Definition of a poison A poison is a substance capable of producing adverse effects on an individual under appropriate conditions. The term “substance” is almost always synonymous with “chemical” and includes drugs, vitamins, pesticides, pollutants, and proteins. Even radiation is a toxic substance.

What makes a chemical poison?

What makes a chemical toxic? The toxicity of a substance is its ability to cause harmful effects. These effects can strike a single cell, a group of cells, an organ system, or the entire body. A toxic effect may be visible damage, or a decrease in performance or function measurable only by a test.

What is the science of poison called?

Toxicology is a field of science that helps us understand the harmful effects that chemicals, substances, or situations, can have on people, animals, and the environment.

What is the reaction of poison?

Poisoning signs and symptoms can mimic other conditions, such as seizure, alcohol intoxication, stroke and insulin reaction. Signs and symptoms of poisoning may include: Burns or redness around the mouth and lips. Breath that smells like chemicals, such as gasoline or paint thinner.

What are the 3 types of poison?

In regard to poisoning, chemicals can be divided into three broad groups: agricultural and industrial chemicals, drugs and health care products, and biological poisons—i.e., plant and animal sources.

What is the strongest poison?

1. Botulinum toxin. Scientists differ about the relative toxicities of substances, but they seem to agree that botulinum toxin, produced by anaerobic bacteria, is the most toxic substance known. Its LD50 is tiny – at most 1 nanogram per kilogram can kill a human.

What are 5 types of poison?

  • Alcohol.
  • Berries and Seeds.
  • Carbon Monoxide.
  • Food Poisoning.
  • Hazardous Chemicals.
  • Herbal Supplements.
  • Household Products.
  • Inhalants.

Is every substance a poison?

“All substances are poisons; there is none which is not; the dose differentiates a poison from a remedy.” This statement says that everything can be toxic if the dose is high enough. For some highly toxic chemicals only a very small amount is needed to produce harm.

What is poison biology?

In biology, a poison is a chemical substance causing death, injury or harm to organisms or their parts. In medicine poisons are a kind of toxin that are delivered passively, not actively. In industry the term may be negative, something to be removed to make a thing safe, or positive, an agent to limit unwanted pests.

What is a poison maker called?

A Master Poisoner is a character who is an expert in the preparation and administering of poisons. They can tailor a toxin to any situation: to paralyse, to knock out, to kill, or even other, more exotic, effects that others would consider beyond the realms of conventional toxicology.

How is chemistry used in toxicology?

Toxicology includes the study of chemical properties and how they affect the body. It focuses on the adverse effects of chemicals in living organisms that come in contact with them. Toxicology includes the detection, symptoms, pathogenesis, mechanism and treatment of these chemicals.

What is the study of poison?

Toxicology is the study of how natural or man-made poisons cause undesirable effects in living organisms.

Which one is used as poison catalyst?

Common catalyst poisons include carbon monoxide, halides, cyanides, sulfides, sulfites, phosphates, phosphites and organic molecules such as nitriles, nitro compounds, oximes, and nitrogen-containing heterocycles.

What is the need of catalyst poison?

catalyst poison, substance that reduces the effectiveness of a catalyst in a chemical reaction. In theory, because catalysts are not consumed in chemical reactions, they can be used repeatedly over an indefinite period of time.

How do poisons enter the body?

Poisons enter the body by four main routes: by being swallowed. by being inhaled. by being absorbed through the skin.

Is toxin A poison?

In science, a toxin is often considered a specific type of poison – a poisonous substance produced within living cells or organisms. Some scientists, though, refer to toxins as they would any poison and call those toxins that have a living source ‘biotoxins’ or ‘natural toxins’.

What is organic poison?

Organic poisons, on the other hand, are frequently developed within the plant in the ordinary course of metabolism. When this occurs they do not appear to function as poisons, but enter in some way into the economy of the plant.

Which medicine is used for poison?

activated charcoal – sometimes used to treat someone who’s been poisoned; the charcoal binds to the poison and stops it being further absorbed into the blood. antidotes – these are substances that either prevent the poison from working or reverse its effects. sedatives – may be given if the person is agitated.

What is the slowest acting poison?

The whole point of using a slow-acting poison like thallium is that it’s hard to detect. Thallium is apparently uncommon enough that doctors didn’t even bother testing for it until days after Wang entered the hospital. It’s a time-delay kill strategy.

What is the deadliest gas?

  • Hydrogen sulfide – In high enough concentrations, inhaling this gas results in a coma and death.
  • Arsine – This gas attacks the hemoglobin in your red blood cells.
  • Chlorine – Inhalation of chlorine at concentrations in excess of 1000 ppm is usually fatal.

Can you buy arsenic?

Toxic chemicals such as strychnine, arsenic and cyanide are freely available for sale on the internet, leading toxicologists have warned.

Is arsenic a poison?

Arsenic is highly toxic in its inorganic form. Contaminated water used for drinking, food preparation and irrigation of food crops poses the greatest threat to public health from arsenic. Long-term exposure to arsenic from drinking-water and food can cause cancer and skin lesions.

Which is the most common form of poisoning?

Carbon monoxide (CO) causes the most nondrug poisoning deaths in the United States. Household products, such as cleaning agents, personal care and topical products, and pesticides, are among the top ten substances responsible for poisoning exposures annually.

Is drug a poison?

Indeed, every drug that is worth anything as a medicinal agent is also a poison; and, vice versa, almost every poison, under certain conditions, exerts a useful medicinal action and may therefore be regarded as a therapeutic agent.

Can anything be a poison?

Almost anything can be poisonous or toxic when used in the wrong way, wrong amount or dose, or by the wrong person. Even usually harmless substances like water can be poisonous in certain circumstances. Toxicity refers to the ability of a substance to cause harm to the body.

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