Biologic width is the distance that is established by the junctional epithelium and connective tissue attachment to the root surface of a tooth. This can also be described as the height between the deepest point of the gingival sulcus and the crest of the alveolar bone.
How is biologic width calculated?
The biologic width can be identified by probing under local anesthesia to the bone level (referred to as “sounding to bone”) and subtracting the sulcus depth from the resulting measurement. If this distance is less than 2 mm at one or more locations, a diagnosis of biologic width violation can be confirmed.
What is the majority measurement of biologic width according to Vacek’s research in 1994?
He also found the average biologic width to be 2 mm as the Garguilo group did. What Vacek found that is clinically important was that biologic width varied between individuals, with some having biologic widths as small as . 75 mm, and others as tall as 4 mm, but statistically the majority followed the 2 mm average.
What happens if you violate biologic width?
Biologic width violation can lead to bleeding or recession of the gingival tissue; chronic inflammation of the gingival tissue, especially immediately around the restoration; the formation of pockets between the gums and teeth; and loss of alveolar bone.
Why is biologic width important?
The natural barrier that develops around the teeth and dental implants to protect the alveolar bone from disease and infection is known as the biologic width. As such, biologic width is vital for the preservation of periodontal health and removal of irritation that could damage the periodontium.
What is the new term for biological width?
The term periodontal phenotype replaced the periodontal biotype and supracrestal attachment is the new term replacing the biological width.
Do implants have biologic width?
The biological width around implant is a 3-4mm distance from the top of the peri-implant mucosa to the first bone-to-implant contact or the stabilized top of the adjacent bone, consisting of sulcular epithelium, junctional epithelium and fibrous connective tissue between the epithelium and the first bone-to-implant …
What is the biologic width composed of?
Biologic width (BW) as defined by Cohen is the part of the supracrestal gingival tissues that occupy the space between the base of the gingival crevice and the alveolar crest; it includes the junctional epithelium and the connective tissue element.
What is ferrule effect?
Alternatively, the ‘ferrule effect’ may be defined as the effect whereby cementing a ‘ferrule’, or 360 degree metal (or porcelain) band, around a tooth, prevents independent flexure of tooth and/or core and/or post structures that are located within the supra-ferrule-margin volume of the tooth, such that if a force is …
Who gave the term biologic width?
Walter Cohen for first coining the term in 1962. This term was based on the work of Gargiulo et al. (1961), who described the dimensions and relationship of the dentogingival junction from measurements made from 30 human cadaver jaws but did not relate them to any clinical applications in dentistry.
What is probe depth?
The distance measured from the base of the pocket to the most apical point on the gingival margin. It dictates the patient’s ability to maintain optimal plaque control.
What is Dentogingival unit?
The dentogingival unit (DGU) has been described as a functional unit composed of the epithelial attachment and connective tissue attachment of the gingiva – both of which afford biological protection (1).
What is severe gum disease called?
In its more serious form, called periodontitis, the gums can pull away from the tooth, bone can be lost, and the teeth may loosen or even fall out. Periodontal disease is mostly seen in adults. Periodontal disease and tooth decay are the two biggest threats to dental health.
What is gum disease symptoms?
Persistent bad breath or bad taste in the mouth. Receding gums. Formation of deep pockets between teeth and gums. Loose or shifting teeth.
What is bone sounding in perio?
The process of probing anaesthetized tissue with a periodontal probe to establish the level of the underlying alveolar bone.
What should a periodontal examination include?
A periodontal examination should include a periodontal probing, a radiographic analysis, a gingival index, mobility charting, and an evaluation of the amount of attached gingiva. These clinical exercises require simple instrumentation and a minimal amount of clinical calibration on the part of the examiner.
Which of the following needs to be evident in order to make a diagnosis of periodontitis?
The diagnosis of periodontitis is defined with the clinical parameters: probing depth, clinical attachment level and bleeding upon probing.
What is a crown lengthening procedure?
Crown lengthening is a procedure that is designed to reshape your gums at the base of the affected tooth in order to expose more of the tooth’s surface; and, if deemed necessary, to adjust the tooth’s bone level so that the height or size of the visible portion of the tooth can be extended so that the new restoration …
How much is the biological width?
The biologic width is unique to every patient and can range from 0.75-4.3 mm. Based on a 1961 paper by Gargiulo, the mean biologic width at the time was 2.04 mm. From this, 1.07 mm is made up of connective tissue attachment and another 0.97 mm is occupied by the junctional epithelium.
What are the AAP classifications?
- Grade A: Slow progression.
- Grade B: Moderate progression.
- Grade C: Rapid progression.
How is radiographic bone loss diagnosed?
Current Bone Height to the Apex of the Root = Current Bone level. Healthy Bone Level – Current Bone Level = Bone Loss Level. (Bone Loss Level ÷ Healthy Bone Level) x 100 = % Bone Loss.
What is Peri implant mucosa?
Peri-implant tissues are those that occur around osseointegrated dental implants. They are divided into soft and hard tissue compartments. The soft tissue compartment is denoted “peri-implant mucosa” and is formed during the wound healing process that follows implant/abutment placement.
What is Transgingival probing?
[2,7] Transgingival probing is the procedure in which tip of the probe makes direct contact with the bone when the probe is forced under local anesthesia through the gingiva.
What is the width of attached gingiva?
[14] The width of attached gingiva varies in different areas of the mouth and have been given a range of 1–9 mm,[15] 1–4 mm,[16] 0–g5 mm. [17] In the present study, the range of the mean width of attached gingiva varied from 1 mm to 4 mm.
What is Supracrestal attachment?
The term “biologic width” is replaced by “supracrestal tissue attachment”, consisting of junctional-epithelium and supracrestal connective tissue. • An infringement of restorative margins within the supracrestal connective-tissue attachment is associated with inflammation and loss of periodontal supporting tissue.