(1) The transportation of food from the leaves to other parts of the plant occurs in the vascular tissue, namely the phloem. This process of transporting food is known as translocation. The phloem consists of companion cells, sieve tubes, phloem parenchyma and fibres.
Why is translocation important to plants a level biology?
It is an important process in plants because the source of production i.e., the location of photosynthesis is not the same as the site at which nutrients are stored; as a result it is essential that the nutrients be moved throughout the plant via translocation otherwise the food produced in the leaves will not be able …
What is translocation GCSE biology?
Translocation is the movement of sugar produced in photosynthesis to all other parts of the plant for respiration and the other processes described above. This occurs in phloem cells.
What is translocation in the phloem?
Phloem transports sucrose and amino acids up and down the plant. This is called translocation . In general, this happens between where these substances are made (the sources) and where they are used or stored (the sinks).
What are the functions of translocation?
Its function is the transportation of food and nutrients such as sugar from leaves to other parts of the plant. This movement of substances is called translocation.
Which process is an example of translocation?
Translocation is a biological process that involves the movement of water and other soluble nutrients through the xylem and phloem from one part of the plant to another part of the plant. For example transportation of sucrose and amino acid, up and down the plant.
What are the factors affecting translocation?
Factors Affecting Translocation Rate The rate of photosynthesis (which is affected by light intensity, CO2 concentration, temperature, etc.) The rate of cellular respiration (this may be affected by any factor which physically stresses the plant)
Why do plants need translocation?
Since photosynthesis only occurs in the leaves, plants must have some way of transporting these sugars into other areas of the plant that need it, such as the stems, roots, and flowers. This transport of materials from the leaves to other parts of the plant is known as translocation.
What’s the difference between transpiration and translocation?
*Transpiration is the evaporation of water from the leaves in the form of water vapour whereas translocation is the transportation of synthesized products (sugars)in a plant. *Transpiration always occurs against the gravity while translocation does not always occur against gravity.
What is translocation BBC Bitesize?
Translocation. Moves food substances from leaves to rest of plant and from stores such as in the roots. Columns of living cells.
What substances move down in translocation?
translocation = the movement of water, dissolved minerals, and food molecules in a plant.
What is translocation simple?
Definition of translocation : the act, process, or an instance of changing location or position: such as. a : the conduction of soluble material (such as metabolic products) from one part of a plant to another.
What are the types of translocation?
There are two main types of translocations: reciprocal and Robertsonian. In a reciprocal translocation, two different chromosomes have exchanged segments with each other. In a Robertsonian translocation, an entire chromosome attaches to another at the centromere.
Is translocation active or passive?
Since energy is involved, translocation through phloem is an active process, unlike diffusion which is passive and does not require the expense of energy.
What are the three types of translocation?
1. simple translocations (one break involved) 2. reciprocal translocations (two breaks involved) 3. shift type translocations (three breaks involved) 4.
What event occurs during translocation?
A translocation occurs when a piece of one chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome. This type of rearrangement is described as balanced if no genetic material is gained or lost in the cell. If there is a gain or loss of genetic material, the translocation is described as unbalanced .
Is translocation a mutation?
Department of Animal Science – Basic Animal Genetics Translocations are chromosome mutations in which chromosome segments, and the genes they contain, change positions. Translocations can occur within a chromosome (intrachromosomal) or between chromosomes (interchromosomal).
Where does translocation occur?
Translocation takes place in the phloem – transport vessels made up of two types of cell, sieve tube elements and companion cells.
How does temperature affect translocation?
Translocation in the phloem is reduced by low temperature, due partly to viscosity and partly, possibly, to displacement of the contents of sieve elements; cooling slowly has much less effect than cooling rapidly.
Does translocation increase genetic diversity?
Translocations aim to ensure the long-term survival of threatened species, either by reinforcing the size and genetic diversity of present populations, or by creating new self-sustaining populations in suitable habitats (Wolf et al., 1996; Menges, 2008; Weeks et al., 2011).
Does translocation need energy?
Transport pathways in sugar translocation Diffusion does not require energy because the molecules move down their concentration gradient (from areas of high to low concentration).
What is difference between transportation and translocation?
The key difference between transportation and translocation is that transportation is the process that transports water from roots to other parts of the plant while translocation is the process that conducts sucrose from leaves to other parts of the plant.
Which plant tissue is involved in translocation?
Phloem is the plant tissue which is associated with translocation.
Why is active transport needed in translocation?
Active transport is used to maintain a concentration gradient. Hydrogen ions (H+) are actively pumped out using ATP. Hydrogen ions return down a concentration gradient via a co-transporter protein. Sucrose must be co-transported with H+ ion, in order for the H+ ion to get back in, down the concentration gradient.
What are the characteristics of translocation?
Translocation A translocation, as related to genetics, occurs when a chromosome breaks and the (typically two) fragmented pieces re-attach to different chromosomes. The detection of chromosomal translocations can be important for the diagnosis of certain genetic diseases and disorders.